Intercultural Conflict Management Style ( Chen And...

There are three aspects of culture, including cultural context, language differences, and thought patterns, that influence conflict management style (Chen and Starosta, 1997-8). It is important to understand which cultural aspects of communication pattern may be at play when having conflict. One of the key factors that I have found for exploring the communication issues present in intercultural conflicts is the concept of high and low context communication. The idea of high and low context communication was first described by anthropologist Edward T. Hall. (Ting-Toomey, 2012) It helps us to better understand the powerful effect culture has on people and their conflict resolve conflict styles. Chen and Starosta (1997, 1998) wrote that language systems influence thinking or reasoning patterns. â€Å"The most common thinking pattern of English speakers is linear in language sequence, while the reasoning pattern behind Chinese or Japanese languages tends to be nonlinear, and is characte rized by an indirect writing style that is akin to the method of deduction. Differences in reasoning patterns behind languages may induce intercultural and international.† (Chen Starosta, 1997, 1998, p.3) The characteristics of the language we speak influence some aspects of our thinking patterns and our conflict management styles. People in low-context cultures such as America tend to be more confrontational and direct attitude toward conflicts, while people in high-context cultures tend to be more

Leadership Discourses in Skyline Company Free Essay Example, 1500 words

There are various leadership discourses presented by Simon Western. Discourse number one is a leader as a controller: the leader is responsible for controlling most of the things in the organization and this includes financial controls, and so on. This discourse puts the leader at the top of any organization since the employee is able to control everything that is below them. An example is the roles that the manager has at Skyline Company. The leaders are responsible for controlling all the finances of the company, as well as the programs of the business. This proves that the leaders are absolute directors of an organisation. It is, however, important to note that these responsibilities do not make the leaders have overall authority, rather, responsibilities are divided all the way from the top the only difference being on the level of responsibility. The second discourse is leaders as a therapist: this discourse gives the leader the responsibility of ensuring that all the needs of the other members of the organisation are met. The leader, therefore, acts as the human resource of the organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Discourses in Skyline Company or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In so doing, they also have to ensure that their own needs are also met and this includes respect from the lower members of the organisation. For example, it is the responsibility of the manager at Skyline Company to ensure that the company assets are in perfect condition. If any complaint from a staff member or subordinate arises, then it is directed to the deputy manager to ensure that all complaints are dealt with. This also shows that they are the major people involved in the needs of the employees in the organisation. This discourse also puts the leader at the top of the organisation. The third discourse leader as a messiah: this discourse puts the leader as a person that the other members of the organisation look up to. In this case, the leader acts as the role model in an organisation. The leader is, therefore, expected to act in a professional manner that reflects the image of the position they have in the corporation. It also shows that the leaders have to portray how to lead and act as a leader (Preedy et al, 2011).

How My Sex, Gender, And Race Ethnicity Influenced My...

In this self-analysis, I look at how my sex, gender, and race-ethnicity influenced my concept of family and traditional gender roles. Education as a minority has forced an awareness on the disproportion of men and women in STEM majors. Navigating through stereotypes, cultural differences, and similarities amongst family, peers, and strangers has been an ongoing voyage in my life. The opportunities my upbringing and culture has afforded and the consequences of chances are critical in how I balance multiple statuses. Identifying as a double minority has affected my life experiences and potential career options will also be reflected upon. The master, ascribed status associated with being a woman has countless affects on my experiences and how it has designed my life. Everything I do is with the mindset of a woman, whether it is how I dress or how I speak. From the time when I was young, I was the first female child within my generation. Even at the age of five, I recall countless times where I had to prove I could â€Å"hang with the boys.† This sort of initiation occurred in countless ways from doing gross dares to having to show I can take a punch—literally. Enduring all this mayhem only seemed natural because I did not want to be seen or treated differently from the boys. Time passed and my woman-ness became even more prevalent as boys were able to get away with things that I could not. â€Å"Close your legs,† â€Å"girls do not play with toy guns,† â€Å"Put down the Gameboy, go play withShow MoreRelatedGender, Race, And Ethnicity And Power Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesas humans develop a whole range of complex sociological concepts. The following paragraphs will explain the struggle of my life experiences being influenced by using the concepts of gender, race and ethnicity and power. My journey began the moment I entered the world on May 25, 1996. I was born and raised in a small developed country called New Zealand. 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International Trade

Question: Critically examine the gains from international trade. Is free trade the best policy to maximize these gains from international trade? (Justify your answered with examples of theory, policy and empirical example) Answer: Introduction 200 International trade has an effect due to the variations in their productive factors in various countries. Due to these variations in their productive factors effects on their prices differently in various countries. These price differences are the chief reason behind the international trade. There are huge number advantages or benefits of international trade accumulating and building up all of the participants those who are related to such type of trade (De Moraes 45-46). If there is any argument on trade, then most of the economists in the world agree that among the countries trade is the most important factor which makes the world better and developed. Though the international trade is a controversial and debatable factor in the case of both types of political issues which are arises between the governments and domestically. Fair trade is an alternative business structure, a system for the global progress, global commerce system and it also a faith-based actions. It means different things for the different individual. There is no authoritative body, no single and regulatory. Thus, the people should explore the different concepts and models (Farrer). Fair-trade is a trading partnership and it also depend on transparency, dialogue and also the respect that explains to seeks the greater equity in the business of international If it distributes to the sustainable expansion to offer the better trading situations to and it also secures their rights and it also disadvantaged the workers and producers. Main Body 700 When a business firm or a person purchase any goods or accept a service in abroad which is produced more cheaply and increase the living standards of the people in both countries. The term Free Trade means that the countries have the ability to export and import goods, not including any barriers regarding tariffs or taxes or another barrier regarding the products which have no tariffs to their trade. The free trade facilitated the customers by low price goods and increased the standard and amount of exports, which increase the level of benefits according to the scale of economies and make a better choice within the range of goods (Hansen 29-59). Through this free trade business, it can explain that when the countries have lower opportunity cost, and then there is an increase and growth in the welfare of the economic conditions of all of the countries. Free trade facilitates the countries to become expertise in those goods when they obtain comparative advantage or benefit. Along with the benefits and advantages for the importing goods of the consumers, the business firms also exports goods which have a comparative advantage or benefit which also shows a huge improvement in the economic welfare of the countries (Topik 145-148). Due to the low rate of tariffs on the export materials of UK, it will make possible and facilitates a large quantity of jobs which boost the export business in the UK and also increase the growth and development in the economic condition of UK. Along with the increase of tendency doing international business or trade, the domestic business firms faces tough competition from the side of the other foreign countries. Therefore, there should be more amounts of incentives which can cut the costs of the products and also increase the efficiency and affectivity of the business. Since 1945, the rate of international trade or business is increased by 7% in average. Due to this international trade or business, it helps in growth and development of t he financial or economical condition of that particular country(Rice n/a-n/a). Fair trade is primarily a response to the common trade failure to the deliver sustainable livelihoods and expansion also the opportunities to the public in the developing nations in the world. The primary object of the fair trade is to be consistent with the standards values and the principles but it also flexible at the implementation level and this type of challenges in defining the ideas in concrete and the practical procedures which need to apply universally. Conversely, to understand the underlying guides and the principles of the Fair-trade are crucial and it as an adoption of this procedures to segregate the principles, risks also losing a vital part of the entire philosophy that has been progressed through dialogue and also experience by the fair trade companies over the year (Roberts). This is also described to trend in this part of a broad range of social responsibility, though there rapidly inc reased the acceptance which sufficient compliance needs the original and genuine commitment. According to this text, the fair trade is unquestionable which is effectiveness is influenced not just through that is a company or the firm does, but also how and why they do this. The main aim of the fair trade is to connect consumers and the producers, and it also promotes the more appropriate trading situations and also built the relationship between the producers and the consumers about strengthen the situation, poverty and also they manage their lives. This assignment allows representing a whole diagram of the certified organizations; farmers and the workers and it also detect that how they benefited from the fair trade. To obtain a precise understanding of how fair trade helped the public, it also designated comprehensive tools for evaluating and the monitoring impact (Singh). The benefits of the fair trade means are to create the system through the fair trade policy which allows the small workers and the farmers to improve their standard living. The benefits of the fair trade incorporate amongst such other facilitated to access the market, extended period relationships, and also the better trading situations are created most of the scenario, a fair-trade minimum cost for the goods with a fair trade premium. Conclusion 100 Traditional trade theory is accepted and well settled. If there is any argument on trade, then most of the economists in the world agree that among the countries trade is the most important factor which makes the world better and developed. International trade has an effect due to the variations in their productive factors in various countries. Due to these variations in their productive factors effects on their prices differently in various countries (Suomela). These price differences are the chief reason behind the international trade. In this globalized world, very few numbers of people would voices up questions about the benefits of free trade. For the growth and development of the global economic condition, free trade is more important and essential than fair trade. Though, free trade, and fair trade both have a common factor regarding the global justice, global prosperity and poverty alleviation. Through this study, it can be said that fair trade is an efficient and competent m easure for supervising and improving the system of free trade. References De Moraes, M. (2008). Fair Globalization Means Free Trade in Agriculture.New Perspectives Quarterly,18(3), 45-46. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0893-7850.00421 Farrer, T. (1885).Free trade versus fair trade. London: Cassell Co. Hansen, J. (2009). Free Trade, Fair Prices, and Sustainable Deficits.Challenge,52(6), 29-59. https://dx.doi.org/10.2753/0577-5132520602 Rice, J. (2009). Free trade, fair trade and gender inequality in less developed countries.Sustainable Development, n/a-n/a. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sd.407 Roberts, R. (2001).The choice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Singh, N. (2001).Free trade versus fair trade. New Delhi: Anmol Publications. Suomela, J. (1993).Free trade versus fair trade. Turku, Finland: Institute for European Studies. Topik, S. (2010). Fair Trade versus Free Trade in the World of Coffee: Gavin Fridell Fair Trade Coffee: The Prospects and Pitfalls of Market-Driven Social Justice. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007. xix + 347 pp.Latin American Perspectives,37(2), 145-148. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x09356964